Mitochondrial dysfunction is part of many pathological states in patients, such as sepsis or
stroke. Presently, the monitoring of mitochondrial function in patients is extremely rare, even
though NADH redox state is routinely measured in experimental animals. In this article, we
describe the scientific backgrounds and practical use of mitochondrial NADH fluorescence
measurement that was applied to patients in the past few years. In addition to NADH, we
optically measured the microcirculatory blood flow and volume, as well as HbO2 …